Church in 1871 to create an irrigation system. Unable to grow wheat for lack of water, he hired sheep man Moses J. In 1867, Anthony "McQueen" Easterby purchased land bounded by the present Chestnut, Belmont, Clovis and California avenues, that today is called the Sunnyside district. Rebuilt on higher ground, Scottsburg was renamed Centerville. Flooding also destroyed the town of Scottsburg on the nearby Kings River that winter. The San Joaquin River flooded on December 24, 1867, inundating Millerton. It was named for the abundant ash trees (Spanish: fresno) lining the San Joaquin River. The county of Fresno was formed in 1856 after the California Gold Rush. The first European to enter the San Joaquin Valley was Pedro Fages in 1772. The old Fresno County Courthouse, built in 1875 and demolished in 1966 Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security. Yosemite National Park is about 60 miles (100 km) to the north, Kings Canyon National Park 60 miles (100 km) to the east, and Sequoia National Park 75 miles (120 km) to the southeast.įresno is also the third-largest majority-Hispanic city in the United States 50.5% of its population was Hispanic in 2020. Fresno is near the geographic center of California, approximately 220 miles (350 km) north of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, and 185 miles (300 km) southeast of San Francisco. It has since become an economic hub of Fresno County and the San Joaquin Valley, with much of the surrounding areas in the Metropolitan Fresno region predominantly tied to large-scale agricultural production. Named for the abundant ash trees lining the San Joaquin River, Fresno was founded in 1872 as a railway station of the Central Pacific Railroad before it was incorporated in 1885. It covers about 115 square miles (300 km 2) and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, making it the fifth-most populous city in California, the most populous inland city in California, and the 34th-most populous city in the nation. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region.
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